Abstract: 
The toxicity caused by medicinal plants using for treatment is now one of the causes of poisoning of people reported by hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity of the total alkaloids of the aerial parts of Ruta montana L on female mice. The extraction of total alkaloids from the aerial part of Ruta montana L is obtained by liquid-liquid extraction. The LD₅₀ was determined using Litchfield and Wilcoxon method and in acute toxicity a single intra-peritoneal administration of total alkaloid extracted at 75.23 mg/kg (1/3 LD₅₀). Body weight, biochemical and hematological parameters were recorded with histopathological examination of liver, kidneys and brain. The LD₅₀ is estimated to be 217 ± 8.3 mg / kg. The acute toxicity study was showed a significant increase in the relative weight of the liver after 24h. Serum parameters (AST, ALT, PAL, Urea and Creatinine) did not show any significant change with perturbation of some blood parameters after 24 h and renal congestion with cerebral edemas are observed on histological sections of the kidneys and brain of female mice.  This study revealed that the total alkaloids of Ruta montana L were classified as very toxic chemical products.

Keywords: Ruta Montana L., Total Alkaloids, LD₅₀, Acute Toxicity, Mice.