Volume 5

January-March 2013

Review Articles

Novel drug delivery systems: An overview

R R Bhagwat, I S Vaidhya

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Abstract: 
Evolution of an existing drug molecule from a conventional form to a novel delivery system can significantly improve its performance in terms of patient compliance, safety and efficacy. In the form of a Novel Drug Delivery System an existing drug molecule can get a new life. An appropriately designed Novel Drug Delivery System can be a major advance for solving the problems related towards the release of the drug at specific site with specific rate. The need for delivering drugs to patients efficiently and with fewer side effects has prompted pharmaceutical companies to engage in the development of new drug delivery system. This article covers the basic information regarding Novel Drug Delivery Systems and also different types of the same.

Keywords: Drug Release, Dosage Forms, Novel Drug Delivery System, Herbal Formulations.

Floating drug delivery for prolonging gastric retention of dosage form

Sandip Prajapati, Abhay Dharamsi

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Abstract: 
The purpose of writing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention. The recent developments of FDDS including the physiological and formulation variables affecting gastric retention, approaches to design single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, and their classification and formulation aspects are covered in detail. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature and current technology such as several approaches are currently utilized in the prolongation of the GRT, including floating drug delivery systems (FDDS), also known as hydrodynamically balanced systems (HBS), swelling and expanding systems, polymeric bioadhesive systems, high-density systems, and other delayed gastric emptying devices used in the development of gastro retentive dosage forms.

Keywords: Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS), Gastrointestinal Track (GIT), Gastric Retention Time (GRT), Effervescent Systems, Noneffervescent Systems.

A review on health benefits of medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens

Maurya Mangla, Chandra Suresh, Sahu Shachi

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Abstract: 
Medicinal mushrooms have currently become an important issue due to their various therapeutic properties. Of these, Agaricus subrufescens, formerly named A. blazei Murrill, has been used as dietary mushroom and to formulate nutraceuticals and functional foods. Since its discovery in 1893, this mushroom has been cultivated throughout the world, especially in Brazil where several strains of A. subrufescens have been developed. This mushroom is rich in the immunomodulating polysaccharides, β-glucans, and has been shown to have antitumor, anti-infection, and antiallergic/-asthmatic properties in mouse models, in addition to anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease patients. This article presents up-to-date information on this mushroom including its taxonomy and health promoting benefits. Medicinal properties of A. subrufescens are emphasized in several studies which are reviewed here.

Keywords: Agaricus subrufescens, Allergy, Cancer, Inflammation, Immunomodulation, Agartine.

Research Articles

Development and characterization of mucoadhesive microspheres of levosalbutamol sulphate

Dinal Patel, Nirav Patel, Vaishali Thakkar, Ashok Modi, Tejal Gandhi

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Abstract: 
To formulate and evaluate the Levosalbutamol sulphate loaded microspheres of Chitosan and microspheres of Flax seed Mucilage in which both the polymers were checked as potential mucoadhesive agents and crosslinking was done with Glutaraldehyde for prolonging drug release for asthma therapy. Chitosan and Flax seed mucilage (by drying in Hot Air Oven) were used in appropriate concentration and crosslinked microspheres were prepared by Spray drying. They were evaluated for % Entrapment efficiency, Swelling behavior, % Mucoadhesion and In vitro drug release. The optimized batches were subjected to Particle-size distribution, Scanning-electron microscopy, Aerosolization behavior and Stability study. Microspheres having Chitosan polymer:Drug ratio of 2:1 and 0.6% of Glutaraldehyde and that of Flax seed Mucilage:Drug ratio of 3:1 and 0.9% of Glutaraldehyde had good mucoadhesion ability (89.50% and 85.11% respecively). Release rate was retarded up to 8 h and follows non-fickian diffusion. Particle-size distribution of optimized batches was represented by span index (3.822 and 2.953 respectively) and value was nearer to marketed product (1.975). Aerosolization behavior could be comparable with marketed product. Stability study showed no changes. The overall results of this study indicate that microspheres described above may be considered as Dry Powder Inhaler of Levosalbutamol sulphate for asthma.

Keywords: Mucoadhesive Microspheres, Levosalbutamol Sulphate, Chitosan, Flax Seed Mucilage, Spray Drying, Dry Powder Inhaler.

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