Abstract: 
The most growing branch in the pharmaceutical science is “pharmaceutical nanotechnology”. Pharmaceutical nanotechnologies have been gained a special recognition due to continuous increasing number of poor aqueous soluble compounds. Various pharmaceutical companies already manufactured the nanosized product which is available in market. Nanosized (10-1000nm) solid colloidal microscopic particles are called as nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are act as a drug delivering carrier for the small and large molecules. They have a potential to deliver the drug in a control rate. It has ability to target particular organs or tissues. Nanoparticles deliver the protein, peptide and genes also carriers of DNA in gene therapy. Various types of Nano pharmaceuticals systems like carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, dendrimers, etc have brought about revolutionary changes in drug delivery. TEM is microscopic technique to analyse nanoparticle size and shape, since it provides not only direct images of the sample but also the most accurate estimation of the nanoparticle homogeneity. This review article discussed the classification, various methods of preparation like Emulsion-Solvent Evaporation method, Double emulsion and evaporation method, Salting out Method, Emulsions- Diffusion Method, Solvent Displacement / Precipitation method, and their characterization techniques like, drug loading, drug release along with the application of nanoparticles. This article also include list of some relevant (polymer-based and lipid-based) organic and inorganic nanomedicines which is approved by the FDA and future aspects.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Nanotubes, Nanospheres, Drug, Method, Particles, Dendrimers, Distribution, Characterization.