Volume 10

April-June 2018

Review Articles

Sayan Basak, ‎Priyanjali Datta ‎

Abstract: 
Nanotechnology is a new transnational and transcultural development that is growing rapidly and pervasively. The potential impact of novel Nanodentistry Applications in disease diagnosis, therapy and prevention is foreseen to change oral health care in a fundamental way. This review presents a general overview of the novel nanomaterial and relevant advances of nanotechnology, focusing on promising dental applications. With the application of nanotechnology, the composition of dental implants, surface energy and roughness and topography can be improved for better osseointegration and it can also influence the events occurring at the bone-implant interface. The cellular activities and tissue responses occurring at the bone-implant interface can be altered by nanoscale modifications and can result in better treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Dentistry, Dental Implants, Surface Topography, Osseointegration, Nanotubular Structures.

Research Articles

Momoh MA, ‎Kenechukwu FC, ‎Mgbaramuko U, ‎Ofokansi KC

Abstract: 
The purpose of this study was to formulate novel mucoadhesive Eudragit microspheres by emulsification-coacervation technique for oral insulin delivery and evaluate the effect of polymer concentration on the anti-diabetic property of the entrapped drug. Mucoadhesive insulin-loaded microspheres containing magnesium stearate and varying proportions of Eudragit® RL 100 were prepared by emulsification-coacervation technique and evaluated for physicochemical performance and in vivo hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic rats after oral administration. Stable, spherical, brownish, discrete, free flowing and mucoadhesive insulin-loaded microspheres with size range (14.20±0.30– 19.80±0.60 µm) and loading efficiency (74.55 ± 1.05 – 75.90 ± 1.94 %) were formed. Reduction in the blood glucose level by the orally administered insulin loaded microspheres, which was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher than subcutaneous insulin and oral insulin solution, indicates that the former could be effective alternative for oral delivery of insulin. This study has shown that oral delivery of insulin for effective control of blood glucose could be possible using Eudragit® RL100 entrapped microspheres prepared by emulsification technique.

Keywords: Blood Glucose Reduction, Insulin, Oral Administration, Microspheres, Eudragit® RL 100.

Jameel Ahmed S ‎Mulla, Utkarsh A ‎Chopade, Suraj B ‎Kumbhar, Pallavi S ‎Marathe, Priyanka ‎V Ware

Abstract:
The oral route remains the most preferred for the general population. This system will provide maximum therapeutic efficacy, increased bioavailability and maximum stability by reducing the frequency of dosage. The present work aims to formulate and evaluate fast dissolving oral films of domperidone using HPMC K100 and HPMC E15 as film forming agents by solvent casting method. The prepared films were characterized for weight variation, thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, surface pH, in vitro disintegration time and mouth dissolving time. Polymer ratio and concentration of superdisintegrants played important role in disintegration and mouth dissolving time. In vitro drug release profile exhibited that formulation with higher concentration of superdisintegrants dissolves the oral films faster than the others.

Keywords: Fast Dissolving Oral Film, Domperidone, FTIR, DSC, Mouth Dissolving Time.

Omkar A Patil

Abstract:
Nanogels are designed to spontaneously incorporate biologically active molecules through the formation of salt bonds, hydrogen bonds, or hydrophobic interactions. Nanogels can be used for the treatment of topical bacterial and fungal infection skin cancer, inflammation and bone regeneration etc. The present research has been undertaken with the aim to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial nanogel of Tridex procumbens Linn. Nanogel were prepared by using carbopol 940, carbopol 934, ethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, EDTA (Ethylenesiaminetetraacetic acid), triethanolamine. FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) analysis and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) study was performed to ensure the compatibility between plant extract and excipients. The prepared nanogel were evaluated for particle size analysis and zeta potential and other parameter like pH, viscosity, spreadibility, extrudability, drug content also determined. In vitro release of all formulation was found between 75-97.88% formulated by using different carbopol. Optimized batch F4 shows acceptance result for all parameter and having release up to 97.88% within 5 h. Particle size of optimized batch was found to be 246 nm. The results indicated the prepared nanogel is safe and effective to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

Keywords: Tridex Procumbens, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Nanogel, Zeta Potential, Particle Size.

Shivani D Jadhav, ‎Jameel Ahmed S ‎Mulla ‎

Abstract:
Hypertension is one of the most important causes of premature death worldwide and the problem is growing; in 2025, an estimated 1.56 billion adults will be living with hypertension. Amlodipine besylate is a long acting calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of chronic stable angina, vasospastic angina and hypertension. Recent developments in the technology have prompted scientists to develop Rapidly Disintegrating Tablets (RDTs) with improved patient compliance and convenience. The present study aims to prepare and evaluate amlodipine besylate Rapidly Disintegrating Tablets using superdisintegrants by direct compression method. Amlodipine loaded-RDTs were characterized for weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, wetting time and disintegration time. In vitro drug release study was performed using United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) II dissolution testing apparatus II (paddle method). The results revealed that Amlodipine loaded-RDTs were successfully formulated with good mouth feel, faster disintegration and better drug release.

Keywords: Amlodipine Besylate, Rapidly Disintegrating Tablets, Superdisintegrants, Disintegration Time, In Vitro Drug Release.

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